Monday, October 22, 2007

Trench Diary English project





The weapons used in World War I have contributed to weapons used today.


1. A flame thrower is a device designed to project a long controllable stream of fire. The flame throwers could be found in two different forms; a backpack and a gun. The flame thrower changed war in 1918 because they were safer and soldiers could control the burning capacity of agriculture (farms, plantations). Tanks were created by the British Army during World War I. They were used to break into trenches. Tanks also enabled troops to cross hostile area without as many fatalities. Tanks have changed the way of transportation during war, they provide the soldiers with a safer mean of transportation, then running across the field. The machine gun has opened many new opportunities of defense. The machine gun was able to fire many bullets at a rapid pace, taking out many soldiers at once. Machine guns have become more accurate, making every shot more precise. Submarines (U-boats) are watercraft's that are able to be operated underwater. Submarines made it possible to enialate ships by firing missiles at the enemy. Today they are continued to be used during time of war. They are also used to spy, and to do research. Rocket powered aircraft's were designed by the Germans and first used during World War I. Aircraft's gave people the ability to spy, attack, and assist during the war, that is how it changed the outcomes. The mortar is a weapon that fires shells at low velocities. Mortars are portable enabling soldiers to carry these around with them. The mortar changed war by being able to protect and destroy trenches.




Metacafe.com


2. No mans land is land that is under dispute and will not be occupied due to uncertainty.

3. Biological gas was created by the Germans, but used by many. It was used to kill, injure, or defeat an enemy. Some of the gases uses in biological weapons are mustard gas, nerve gas, and sarin. The affects of these gases are Bacillus and anthrax's; both of these are highly infectious viral disease.

4. Manfred von Richthofen known as "Red Baron". Mandred is famous because he was the most successful flying ace of World War I. He was credited with 80 confirmed air combat victories. Manfred's death was caused by a .303 bullet that had caused such severe to his lungs and heart that he could not be saved. Manfred managed to land the plane and was found by Australian troops. Australian Medical corps say that his last word before his death was "kaputt" which means broken.

5. The Schlieffen plan was a plan for victory on both the Western Front against France and against Russia, to the east. This plan would allow them to take advantage of all three countries, speeding the preparation for war. The Schlieffen plan did work in 1917.





6. Archduke's assassination was first started when a member of a terrorist group threw a bomb at their car. It bounced off the convertible top and landed on the car behind them; which was filled with civilians. The bomb killed 20 people; Archduke and his wife felt obligated to go and visit the survivors. On their visit back another terrorist member shot both Archduke and his wife. His wife died instantly but Archduke lived for several more minutes. Witnesses attempted to help him but Archduke had sown his short together so it would make him look more slender. Austria was fed up with the assassinations, arm races, nationalism and the alliance system from Siberia; which finally led to the declaration of World War I.






7. Helen Burrey was born into poverty in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania at the end of the 19th century. She died in 1987 at age 95. She began to work at age 14 at pogues, a department store in Pittsburgh. She then entered nursing school at St. Francis Hospital. She volunteered herself to be an army nurse during World War I. She was one of the first army nurses to be sent to France. She kept journals and scrapbooks of her experiences while working on hospital troop trains in France.
8. Trench System Front line Trench Cross Section

















9. Pal Battalions started a recruitment office, it was such a big success that he started to encourage other cities to start recruitment campaigns. Other cities began to listen to Battalions idea. Between the years 1914- 1916, 643 battalions were created locally; Battalions stragedy was a very good one and was very beneficial.


Dailymotion.com

Writing Extension


Dear Ma,Its been 83 days since I have been gone. We have only had 12 fatalities out of our troop; we are like a family here.I miss you all so much. How is your health? Send my love along to father and sister. Food here is not half as good as yours, I would kill for some of your potato pancakes right now! I have been managing pretty well here, just the other day we all got double rations. Living conditions are not the best but nothing we cant handle.My leader has told me that I am about to get 14 days leave, but then I have to go to camp for 4 weeks. At least I get to come home and see you. I have not yet been injured, but I have seen many who have. Don't worry too much, soon it will all be over!
Love,
Paul

P.S. I will always love you
Buffalo Springfield- For what its worth
Click this link to hear song:

There's somethin' happenin' here
What it is ain't exactly clear
There's a man with a gun, over there
Tellin' me I got to beware(I think it's time we)
Stop, children, what's that sound?
Everybody look - what's goin' down?
There's battle lines bein' drawn
Nobody's right if everybody's wrong
Young people speakin' their minds
Gettin' so much resistance from behind
(It's time we)
Stop, hey, what's that sound?
Everybody look - what's goin' down?
What a field day for the heat
A thousand people in the street
Singin' songs and carryin' signs
Mostly sayin', "hooray for our side"(It's time we)
Stop, hey, what's that sound?
Everybody look - what's goin' down?
Paranoia strikes deep
Into your life it will creep
It starts when you're always afraid
Step out of line, the man come and take you away(We better)
Stop, hey, what's that sound?
Everybody look - what's goin' down?(We better)
Stop, hey, what's that sound?
Everybody look - what's goin' down?(We better)
Stop, now, what's that sound?
Everybody look - what's goin' down?(We better)
Stop, children, what's that sound?
Everybody look - what's goin' down?
For What It's Worth lyrics on http://www.metrolyrics.com/]




I chose this song because it reflects on how desolate war is. When the song is being sung it is coming from someone that is in battle. Buffalo Springfield provokes emotions that are conveyed through sorrow and fearful accusations. Paul shares the same feelings, along with the other soldiers; terrified.

This is a picture of toy soldiers all in a pile with only one green one. The black and white soldiers represent the fallen soldiers (paul's friends). The one green soldier represents Paul because he has seen so many of his close friends lives taken and he is the only one left. He is left waiting and wondering when his time will too come.Picture link: http://www.flickr.com/ (by: Lucy)


Self- Reflection
1. I think my blog is very good because it catches the emotions of war and goes in depth about each topic.

2. I thoroughly enjoyed this project because there were other aspects that you had to connect to one meaning. I liked to graphic arts part of this project, because it let us find things that prevailed a certain meaning to us.

3. My work reflects on what I have learned because each topic is very thorough.

4. I learned that I enjoy graphic art projects and that I can expose the emotions well through art.

5. I learned that war is very gruesome. I have also realized that fortunately I probably will never have to endure being there first hand. I do realize that I too will know friends who will have died for unreasoned causes.

Interview




"In that photo you have of Scottish officers before we left for Belgium, I am the only one left now. All the rest are either killed or wounded or have gone home sick. But some of them I hope will come out again."
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/worldwarone/soldier/letter08.shtml


Questions:

1. What weapon has caused the most deaths?

2. How many soldiers do you think you have killed?

3. Have you ever held a soldier in your arms and watched them die?

4. How many fatalities have been in your troop?

5. What where you planning on doing with your life, if the War hadn't come along?


Literary Analysis

Chapter 1

1. I have noticed that there is a tight group of fellows named Paul, Tjaden, Katczinsky, Kropp and Muller. They are a little family of their own. This evening they harassed Ginger (the cook) enough that he gave them the "extra food". While the boys were sitting around and indulging into their "feast" an observation balloon was flying over when they started to attack. The boys hunkered down in the trench and knew it would pass shortly. The group of boys had heard that Kemmerich was in the hospital. They packed up his belongings and went to deliver them and visit with him. Kemmerich was quite upset because someone had stolen his gold watch. Kemmerich had suffered from a shot wound to his thigh; it was severe enough that they had to ammputate his leg. Muller attempts to ask Kemmerich for his boots, but Kemmerich refuses because they are his most prized possessions. The boys leave Kemmerich to rest. The next day after drills they find a letter to Kemmerich's mother stating his death.

2. Paul is befuddled, before they left for war Kemmerich's mother begged Paul to keep an eye out for her son. Paul is filled with guilt, thinking that he could have done more to protect him. At this point Paul grows up from being a boy to a man.

3. Matron- a married woman, esp. one who is mature and staid or dignified and has an established social position. "His mother, a good plump matron, brought him to the station." (All quiet on the western front, p.15)

Emphatically- Forceful and definite in expression or action. "... said Muller emphatically" (All quiet on the western front, p. 18)

4. While many may be arguing over one thing, they may lose sight of the object they are fighting for. This cartoon is a picture of two men that have escaped the madness in the background and are running away with the object everyone is fighting for.

5. From this chapter I have learned that even if you try your hardest to keep a promise something terrible could happen. Making you feel guilty even though you could not have prevented it.

Chapter 2

1. Paul recalls his younger years, attending school. He realizes that he has learned and grown more since being a soldier then he ever did in class. Paul comes to the realization that since he is so young he will have no family, wife or children to go back too; unlike the older soldiers. Franz has been wounded and had his leg amputated. Paul goes and comforts him before he is put on the train to be sent back home. Paul assures Franz that he cannot be sent back to fight. Franz is still not content because he wanted to become the "head forester", now he is unable to because of his amputation. Franz begins to gurgle, Paul runs around trying to get a doctor, but his cries are put aside. Paul returns to Franz but when he does he finds him dead.

2. Paul is sorrowful because he has just lost his best friend. He had to sit there and watch him suffer. Paul tried everything he could to get assistance but it was no use.

3. Hospital orderly- An attendant who does routine, non medical work in a hospital. "... he says to the hospital orderly." (All quiet on the western front, p.32)

Deliverance- A publicly expressed opinion or judgment. "Outside the door I am aware of the darkness and the wind as a deliverance." (All quiet on the western front, p. 33)

4.

Although the government try to make laws and decisions to help the people, many result in it hurting the people. This cartoon pictures a glove saying monarchy on it holding a lit bomb with the words "murder" written on it and it is set on the white house steps. The meaning of this cartoon is that the decision that the government made has not gone well so the people are wanting to retaliate. The people are mad because of the decisions government has made it has caused their sons to go to war and die for an unjust cause.

5. In this chapter I have learned that life, love and friendship can be lost in a moment. Death is an awful thing and to see someones life being taken so quickly, it doesn't give you time to understand what has happened.

Chapter 3

1. In this chapter Paul witnesses boys coming to the trenches realizing that their childhood is now over.

2. Paul re-visits his emotions that he had when he came to the front when he see's the new replacements.

3. Hushed- To keep from public knowledge. "Haie let him get a gasp of air every so often, when he would give a mighty yell that was immediately hushed."

Fiendish- diabolically cruel and wicked "..,Haie bending over him with a fiendish grin." (All quiet on the western front, p.49)

4.
Although things have been modernized people's cause to fight still remains the same. This cartoon is a snapshot of what they imagine "World War IV" to look like. They are basing the picture off of techniques used in World War I. This cartoon mimics WWI when one side would charge the opposing side.

5. In this chapter I learned that in tough times friendship is the thing that will always get you through.

Chapter 4

1. Paul witnesses life from higher up, while riding in the lorries they see the brightness of the blasts. He now knows what it is like to serve first hand on the front.

2. Paul is nervous but knows what he has to do. He knows it will be a long nerve racking night.

3. Tabernacles- A case or box on a church altar containing the consecrated host and wine of the Eucharist. "..and look like a kind of military Feast of the Tabernacles." (All quiet on the western front, p.52)

Imperceptibly- something not capable of being perceived by the senses. "Our faces change imperceptibly." (All quiet on the western front, p.53)

4.

Although war is declared it doesn't mean we have to hate or discriminate because both sides are the same, just raised in different ways.

5. From this chapter I have learned that life can change in a moment. You must always be able to deal with what life throws at you. Although things may be unexpected you must try to coupe.

Chapter 5

"We are not youth any longer. We don't want to take the world by storm. We are fleeing. We fly from oursleves. From our life. We were eighteen and had begun to love life and the world; and we has to shoot it to pieces. The first bomb, the first explosion, burst in our hearts. We are cut from activity, from striving, from progress. We believe in such things no longer, we believe in war.
(All quiet on the western front, p. 88)
1. In this chapter Paul and his friends try to recall how many boys from their platoon came out to the front, and now many are left. They compared the numbers and mourned for the ones they lost. 20 boys were sent over and now 12 are remaining.
2. Paul feels sorrowful for the ones lost, but knows that he cannot think to much about them or else he will become an emotional train wreck.

3. Pince nez- a pair of glasses held on the face by a spring that grips the nose. "..pretending to take off his pince- nez." (All quiet on the western front, p. 85)

Wrathfully- very angry; ireful; full of wrath. "Himrlstoss glowers at us wrathfully." (All quiet on the western front, p.88)

4.
Instead of facing the problem politicians like to hide from it. They like to put off demanding issues as much as they can. Unfortunatly their lack of approaching problems has caused many citizens to suffer.
5. I have learned that life can change in an instance and that good peoples lifes are taken away for insignificant reasons.

Chapter 6

1. Paul is geared up to go to the front line, when he spots an arrival of new coffins for the fallen soldiers. That is a real "confidence boost" because he knows that his chances of coming back unscathed are slim.

2. Paul has a rush of feelings; he's scared, nervous, angry and anxious.

3. Jests- A playful or amusing act. "The others jest too, unpleasant jests, but what else can a man do?" (All quiet on the western front, p.100)

Surpasses- To be or go beyond, as in degree or quality; exceed. "The organization surpasses itself in that kind of thing." (All quiet on the western front, p.100)

4.
Many people do not agree with one side or the other, so in order to get their way they will do whatever it takes to prevent people from reaching their goal. This cartoon represents "the old man of the sea" latching onto aid providers which prevents them from helping the soldiers who are in need of aid.
5. Realizing the pain those men have to feel day in and day out, and adding on to it by losing a friend or seeing the coffins prepared for the next batch of dead soldiers. Makes me relaize how lucky I am to not have to deal with the pain that they have to suffer.

Chapter 7

1. The men are somewhat happy because they are getting better food and decent sleep; dispite the fact they are on the front line. The men go for an evening swim and see three girls. The girls ask them to come back to their house at mid- night. The men obey the woman's wishes, but they do not so much object. The men meet at the ladies house and have a nice "dinner". Paul recieves a seventeen day leave. When Paul returns home he does not feel that he can open up with his family. The last night before Paul has to leave for boot camp he and his mother bond and he assures her that everything will be alright.

2. Paul feels that things are lightening up for him, but he also realizes that once he returns home his emotional barrier will crumble. He is relieved to see his family once more, but dreads heading back to the front. He is worried that when he returns all his friends will have died.

3. Toil- hard and continuous work; exhausting labor or effort. "We never very demonstrative in our family, poor folk who toil and are full of cares are not so." (All quiet on the western front, p.159)

Apoplexy- a hemorrhage into an organ cavity or tissue. "Should I tell her how we once foud three enemy trenches with their garrison all stiff as though stricken with apoplexy?" (All quiet on the western front, p.161)

4.
Many will lie and decieve others in order to get their point across. Uncle Sam is shown in this cartoon saying it is better to give then to recieve and on the ship are 249 Russian's who are furious. So the Russian's all begin to fight onboard the ship, which pleases Uncle Sam, because he no longer has to deal with that situation.
5. I have realized that life has many bumps in the road and people of any types have to deal with them.

Chapter 8

1. When Paul arrives at boot camp he realizes that there vacility is located next to a Russian prison. Every night a group of Russian prisoners would line up at the fence and try to see if they would recieve any food. One evening Paul walked over to the fence and gave the Russian a couple of his potato pancakes that his mother had made him.
2. Paul felt proud for "donating" food to the Russian. He was also very sad because he had to say his goodbyes to his family. He was uncertian that he would ever see them again.

3. Opalescent- exhibiting a play of colors like that of the opal. "...the next moment all changes to an opalescent blue." (All quiet on the western front, p. 188)
Friesland- The Frisians, a Germanic people, were conquered by the Franks in the eighth century. "The look just as kindly as our own peasants in Friesland." (All quiet on the western front, p.190)
4.

Pressuasion is a key part of government, they will tell you that it is a great thing when they really know that young innocent boys will be put out to be killed. This cartoon represents a boy who wants to become a "hero", the flyer is presuading the young boy to enlist in the army. Otherwise they will be thought of as cowards or will be looked down upon.


5. From this chapter I learned that it is better to give then to recieve. Paul demostrated that in this chapter by giving the Russians food even though he knew it was not looked fondly upon.
Chapter 9

1. When Paul returns to the Front line he finds that his friends are still living and well. He is relieved to learn that information. The day Paul returnes they are bombarded. Paul witnesses people suffering and dying.

2. Paul has a weight lifted from him knowing that his friends are all well. However when the bombardment began everyone's joy was diminished.

3. Detains- To keep in custody or temporary confinement "The sergeant- major detains me here." (All qiuet on the western front, p. 200)
4.
Things that seem unrealistic usually are to good to be true. There is a soldier eating a donut pointing to a young woman saying that they need more troops to keep them busy. Otherwise they will not have many female faces to lay eyes upon.
5. I learned that if you are on a personal high you can drastically fall to a low and stay there. You may not find joy in may things. I learned that soldiers have to deal with this day in and day out. Causing emotional pain.
Chapter 10

1. The men had a somewhat relaxing evening with great food, ample sleep and the company of their comrades. An observation balloon caught sight of the smoke coming from their fire and took fire on them. Both Paul and Kropp are put onto a hospital train because they were both wounded from gun shots.

2. Paul feels a sense of relief, because conditions are fair and that he is not on the front but instead resting in the hospital with his close friend.

3.Coveted- To wish for longingly "The troops were convet for better living conditions." (All quiet on the western front, p. 233)
Acrid- Unpleasantly sharp, pungent, or bitter to the taste or smell "..the posion gas was acrid." (All quiet on the western front, p. 240)

4.
When one is injured you must give them a chance to recover. This cartoon is an image of a man oiling his leg brace because his legs are amputated. This man has gone through a tragic lose and is still expected to go back and fight. The man complies because his government has taught the people to listen to their "superior".
5. I have learned with a great deal of lose comes a gain. For example when Kropp lost his leg he was devestated, but he knows that he will never have to return to fight and will have a much greater chance of living.


Chapter 11

1. The soldiers become depressed and Deter is reminded of home and fee's. He is captured and tried as a deserter. Muller is shot and killed, Paul becoming the owner of Kemmerich's boot's. Life for the soldiers has become grusome. Food is scarce, machinery is worn out, soldiers are dying left and right, and the replacements get younger and younger each day and they are without training. Kat is wounded and the medac can not reach him. Paul taked Kat upon his back and carries him to the hospital where he is found dead.

2. Paul has witnessed desperation, boys becoming men, and death. In this chapter Paul has dealt with a lot of devestation. He has lost two of his close friends and he now realizes that he is the only one left, of his troop.

3. Insatiable- not satiable; incapable of being satisfied or appeased "...our hands were frozen and we were insatiable." (All qiuet on the western front, p. 271)

Laconically- using few words; expressing much in few words "...all the men had such long faces we were all laconical." (All quiet on the western front, p. 280)



4.

When at a time of crisis some people are very focus and dedicated on the task at hand. This cartoon is an image of a man preparing food for the soldiers and then a line of people wanting to shake his hand. The cook is annoyed because they could be helping prepare things, the general public is focused on the wrong object.

5. I have learned that we as a society need to focus in on the most important issues. We need to support and assist instead of distract.


Chapter 12

1. Paul is the only living one remaining from his class. United States joins Germany and is taking back lead. There are rumors that the war will end soon, but nobody gets their hopes up. Paul inhalded poision gas and is given 14 days to recope. When he goes home he has a reality check, he realizes that he has no goals set for himself. Paul is sent back to the front and is shot. That day all things were calm and Paul died in peace.

2. Paul has witnessed lonliness, he has also experienced personal let down. Paul is discourage when he visit's home because he wants to return home permanatly but does not know when he will have a chance to.

3. Melancholy- feeling or making somebody feel a thoughtful or gentle sadness "I was the last one from our class I feel melancholy being here alone." (All quiet on the western front, p. 294)

Apathetic- having or showing little or no emotion "Since I am the last one left of my class I do not talk to many people, I have heard the other soldiers think that I am apathetic." (All quiet on the western front, p. 295)

4. You may see light at the end of the tunnel but in order to reach your goal you must navigate around obstacles. This cartoon shows how Wilson had a tough route to navigate through. Unfortunatly he got of course and was delayed with War and Intervention.

5. I have learned that things are not always easy sailing, any decision you choose someone is always going to disagree.

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